Quantum

Quantum refers to the smallest discrete quantity of any physical property, often associated with the field of quantum mechanics, which is a fundamental theory in physics describing the behaviour of matter and energy on very small scales, such as atoms and subatomic particles. It derives from the Latin word "quantus," meaning "how much." In the context of quantum mechanics, a quantum can represent the smallest amount of a physical property (such as energy), which can exist in distinct, quantized states. This concept leads to various phenomena such as wave-particle duality and superposition, which challenge classical notions of physics. Quantum theory has profound implications for our understanding of the universe, influencing areas such as chemistry, materials science, and emerging technologies like quantum computing.