Geology

Geology is the scientific study of the Earth, including its composition, structure, processes, and history. It examines the materials that make up the Earth, such as rocks and minerals, and explores the physical and chemical processes that shape the planet over time. Geologists investigate the formation of the Earth's crust, the dynamics of tectonic plates, the history of life as recorded in the rock layers, and the effects of natural phenomena like earthquakes, volcanism, and erosion. The field also involves the study of geological time, helping to understand how the Earth has changed through various epochs. Geology is essential for resource management, environmental protection, and understanding natural hazards, and it plays a critical role in fields such as paleontology, archaeology, and environmental science.